Task switching based on externally presented versus internally generated information |
| |
Authors: | Thomas Kleinsorge Patrick D Gajewski |
| |
Institution: | 1.Institut für Arbeitsphysiologie an der Universit?t Dortmund,Dortmund,Germany |
| |
Abstract: | A number of observations from the task switching literature suggest that task preparation based on internally generated knowledge
is less efficient than task preparation based on externally presented information. In the present study, we investigated task
switching based on internally generated versus externally presented information and additionally varied the reliability of
foreknowledge. Source and reliability of foreknowledge were varied between groups of participants. With reliable foreknowledge,
the relevant task always conformed to foreknowledge, even when the features of the imperative stimulus called for an alternative
task. With unreliable foreknowledge, the relevant task was determined by the imperative stimulus and foreknowledge was sometimes
misleading. Apart from measuring switch costs, we examined the effectiveness of establishing a task set by measuring interference
exerted by conflicting stimuli (conditions with reliable foreknowledge) or misled expectancies (conditions with unreliable
foreknowledge). In terms of switch costs, we observed a slight superiority of externally presented over internally generated
information when foreknowledge was reliable, but this relationship strongly reversed with unreliable foreknowledge. This conclusion
was corroborated by observations regarding the effectiveness of task-set establishment in terms of proneness to interference.
|
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|