Modes of cognitive control in recognition and source memory: Depth of retrieval |
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Authors: | Jacoby Larry L Shimizu Yujiro Daniels Karen A Rhodes Matthew G |
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Institution: | Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. lljacoby@artsci.wustl.edu |
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Abstract: | Recognition memory is usually regarded as a judgment based on trace strength or familiarity. But recognition may also be accomplished
by constraining retrieval so that only sought after information comes to mind (source-constrained retrieval). We introduce amemory-for-foils paradigm that provides evidence for source-constrained retrieval in recognition memory (Experiment 1) and source memory (Experiment
2). In this paradigm, subjects studied words under deep or shallow encoding conditions and were given a memory test (recognition
or source) that required them to discriminate between new items (foils) and either deep or shallow targets. A final recognition
test was used to examine memory for the foils. In both experiments, foil memory was superior when subjects attempted to retrieve
deep rather than shallow targets on the earlier test. These findings support a sourceconstrained retrieval view of cognitive
control by demonstrating qualitative differences in the basis for memory performance. |
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