社会支持与人格对大学生压力的影响

将横断与纵向研究相结合,对660名大学生进行了问卷调查。结果发现，社会支持对同期压力的主效应非常显著，对后期压力的主效应则不显著。社会支持的变化类型对后期压力也具有显著的主效应。“开朗—果断”与“拘谨—温和”两类人格对同期压力的主效应非常显著，前者同期的各类压力均显著低于后者的同类压力；前期人格类型对两年后压力的主效应依然显著。社会支持与人格的独立主效应和交互作用均显著；社会支持的变化与人格的独立主效应和交互作用均显著

THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL SUPPORT AND PERSONALITY ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' STRESS

This study administered both cross-sectional and longitudinal questionnaire surveys on 660 university students. Results of the study indicated the following: Social support had significant main effect on concurrent stress; those having relatively higher level of social support experienced significantly less concurrent stress than those having lower level of social support. After controlling for earlier stress, earlier social support no longer had significant main effect on later stress. Change of types of social support (four types all together: those continuously having high level support; those continuously having low level support; those having high level support at the beginning but change to low level support two years later; those having low level support at the beginning but changed to high level support two years later) also had significant main effect on later stress. Two types of personality, “open-assertive” and “reserved-gentle”, had significant main effect on concurrent stress, with the “open-assertive” experiencing significantly less stress than the “reserved-gentle” on every corresponding stress types. Earlier personality types still had significant main effect on stress level two-years-later. Social support and personality had significant both main effects and interaction effect on stress; change of types of social support and personality had significant both main effects and interaction effect on stress