盲生错误记忆和真实记忆研究

错误记忆指的是人们会回忆或再认那些没有出现过的事件。目前,针对错误记忆的研究多集中于视力正常的人群。国外近年来有针对视障人群错误记忆的研究认为,在听觉学习情境中视障成人有更好的真实记忆和更低的错误记忆。目前对于盲生的错误记忆特征尚缺乏研究。而盲文摸读作为视障人群重要的学习方式,其对视障人群的真实记忆和错误记忆的影响尚未有研究者关注。本研究以初中盲生和视力正常学生作为研究对象,采用DRM范式,发现被试采用阅读学习(盲生摸读盲文,视力正常学生阅读屏幕文字)和听觉学习两种学习方式下,都发现被试身上存在稳定的错误记忆;盲生的错误记忆显著低于视力正常学生。在摸读学习方式下,盲生真实记忆好于听觉学习方式。

A Study on False memory and true memory in blind students

Most prior studies of false memory focused on sighted rather than blind population. Using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm (DRM), the current study compared false and true memory among blind students in reference to sighted students. Specifically, two experiments examined recognition of word lists via either Braille reading or auditory learning. The results of both experiments demonstrated false memory among blind students which did not significantly differ from that of sighted students. While sighted students did not show different performance under the conditions of screen reading and auditory learning, blind students performed better when engaging in Braille reading, manifested as better correct rejection on unrelated words. Blind students produced better performance on discrimination of learned words and unrelated words under stricter judgement criteria.