高边缘性人格障碍特质者负性沉浸的自我反思倾向

采用自我参照范式考察边缘性人格障碍(BPD)的自我反思特点。实验1对比高、低BPD特质被试在自我和姓名参照条件下正负性词汇的再认成绩,发现高BPD特质者在自我参照条件下的负性词汇记忆成绩显著高于低BPD特质组。实验2对高BPD特质被试进行正念自我反思训练,结果发现相对于对照组,训练组在自我参照条件下负性词汇的记忆成绩显著降低。高BPD特质者的自我反思存在负性沉浸倾向,且正念自我反思训练可以改善该倾向。

Negative Immersed Self-Reflection in Individuals with High Borderline Personality Disorder Trait

Self-distanced perspective is referred to as more adaptive self-reflection (Kross & Ayduk, 2008). Self reference task was introduced to investigate futures of self-refection in individuals with high borderline personality disorder (BPD) trait. Two experiments included in the current work. In Experiment 1, the McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI-BPD) was used to pick out the high BPD trait (MSI-BPD≥6) and low BPD trait (MSI-BPD≤2) participants. Twenty-eight high BPD trait members and 26 low BPD trait participants were required to judge personality trait adjectives under both self reference and name reference condition at first, and then, tested the recognition performance. In Experiment 2, another 42 individuals with high BPD trait were randomly assigned to mindful-focus self-reflection training group and control group. After that, all participants were required to judge personality trait adjectives under both self reference and name condition, and tested the recognition performance as in Experiment 1. SPSS22.0 processed all data. The correct Remember rate (R) was counted as recognition performance. Differences of negative and positive valence of the personality trait adjectives were also considered. 2 (group: high BPD trait vs. low BPD trait) × 2 (valence: negative adjective vs. positive adjective) ×2 (reference condition: self reference vs. name reference) repetitive measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) reveals that: In Experiment 1, among individuals with low BPD trait, the recognition performance of both negative and positive adjective judgment under name reference condition was better than that of self reference condition (ps<.05). While among individuals with high BPD trait, the recognition performance on positive adjectives judgment under self reference has no difference with name reference condition (p>.05), however, the recognition performance of negative adjective judgment under self reference condition was better than that under name reference condition (p<.05), indicating the negative immersed self-reflection. In Experiment 2, the recognition performance of negative adjective judgment under self reference condition was better than that of name reference condition among control group (p<.05), while the recognition performance of negative adjective judgment under self reference condition has no difference with the recognition performance under name reference condition (p>.05), indicating the advantage of self reference judgment vanished in the training group. Further, the recognition performance of training group on both negative and positive personality adjective judgment under self reference was worse than that of control group(ps<.05), while the recognition performance of training group on negative adjective judgment under name reference was better than that of control group(p<.05). The results in Experiment 1 taken together indicated that individuals with high BPD trait were prone to use self immersed perspective facing negative self relevant information. This defect may arise from the impaired function of psychological distancing. While the results in the Experiment 2 together showed that the mindful-focus self-reflection training could release the negative immersed, and increased the use of self-distanced perspective, which might work through increasing the psychological distancing ability and decreasing the invalidation. In summary, these findings provided empirical evidences for psychological distance and biosocial model, and supported the intervention among self-reflection under dialectical behavior therapy (DBT).