特质焦虑个体在高难度Stroop任务下的情绪启动效应

通过问卷法，选取特质焦虑和非特质焦虑被试作为本实验的研究对象，考察了正性、负性、中性三种不同的情绪对不同特质焦虑个体认知抑制的影响。在Stroop任务之前呈现三种情绪图片，结果发现，相比非特质焦虑被试，特质焦虑被试的Stroop效应量更大；特质焦虑被试和非特质焦虑被试在正性和负性情绪条件下的Stroop效应量均更大。说明特质焦虑被试的认知抑制功能存在不足，正性和负性情绪对特质焦虑和非特质焦虑被试的认知抑制均存在阻碍作用。

The Effect of Emotion on Cognition Inhibition for Trait Anxiety

“Processing efficiency theory” considered that anxiety impaired attention control which was the core of the executive function and then anxiety people may have poor performance on executive function, while others found that anxiety did not have impact on executive function, It is still an open question whether the cognition of anxiety people was damaged. Anxious people are easily distracted by threat-related information and are impaired in their ability to regulate attention to threatening stimuli. This attentional bias in favor of threat-related information is well established for both clinical anxiety and trait anxiety in the nonpathological range. Consequently, emotion stimulus may affect the cognition of anxiety people than that of normal participants. The present study investigates how different emotions affect the cognition inhibition for trait anxiety participants. A 3 (emotion type: positive, negative, neutral) × 3 (task type: congruent, incongruent, irrelevant) × 2 (participant type: trait anxiety, normal) mixed experiment design was carried out. 144 pictures were selected from CAPS (48 positive, 48 negative, 48 neutral) to induce participants’ emotion, Stroop task was used to induce cognition inhibition. Fifty-seven participants selected from 1055 university students took part in the experiment, the students whose score on the trait anxiety questionnaire exceed 57 for girl and 56 for boy were labeled as trait anxiety participants and the students whose score on the trait anxiety questionnaire below 30 were labeled as normal participants. We found that the Stroop effect of trait anxiety was larger than that of normal participants. The Stroop effect after positive and negative emotion were larger than that after neutral emotion. The results illustrated that the cognition inhibition which was destroied of trait anxiety was impaired by positive and negative emotions for all the participants.