| The Emergence and Irreducibility of Scientific Knowledge： A Multi-Synergic-Holism |
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| 作者姓名： | FAN Dongping |
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| 摘 要： | The world possesses a hierarchical structure and evolves through emergence. Its levels are the result of emergence, and possess unique properties and functions which their components and emergent bases do not. Each of these levels also possesses basic laws or rules which cannot be logically deduced from other levels, and evince downward causation. Therefore, there are non-linear causal networks among the levels of complex systems in which causal reductionism does not hold. The hierarchical structure is formed in accordance with the increasing organized complexity of the objects, so that different levels give birth to different disciplines, and different disciplines have their own theoretical autonomy and independence. Therefore, theories across different levels are essentially irreducible, and any apparent case of reduction may only be so in the sense of a partial reduction. Emergence-evolution-hierarchy ontology and multi-synergic holism is compatible with reductionism even as it transcends it.
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| 关 键 词： | 不可约性 整体论 科学知识 协同 部分还原 层次结构 分层结构 因果关系 |
The Emergence and Irreducibility of Scientific Knowledge: A Multi-Synergic-Holism |
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| FAN Dongping.The Emergence and Irreducibility of Scientific Knowledge: A Multi-Synergic-Holism[J].Frontiers of Philosophy in China,2014,9(1):58-68. |
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| Authors: | FAN Dongping |
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| Institution: | School of Public Administration, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China |
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| Abstract: | The world possesses a hierarchical structure and evolves through emergence. Its levels are the result of emergence, and possess unique properties and functions which their components and emergent bases do not. Each of these levels also possesses basic laws or rules which cannot be logically deduced from other levels, and evince downward causation. Therefore, there are non-linear causal networks among the levels of complex systems in which causal reductionism does not hold. The hierarchical structure is formed in accordance with the increasing organized complexity of the objects, so that different levels give birth to different disciplines, and different disciplines have their own theoretical autonomy and independence. Therefore, theories across different levels are essentially irreducible, and any apparent case of reduction may only be so in the sense of a partial reduction. Emergence-evolution-hierarchy ontology and multi-synergic holism is compatible with reductionism even as it transcends it. |
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| Keywords: | emergence levels downward causation holism irreducibility |
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