儿童4岁时的自我控制对其7岁及11岁社会适应的预测 |
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引用本文: | 张萍 梁宗保 陈会昌 张光珍 陈欣银. 儿童4岁时的自我控制对其7岁及11岁社会适应的预测[J]. 心理科学, 2014, 37(6): 1359-1365 |
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作者姓名: | 张萍 梁宗保 陈会昌 张光珍 陈欣银 |
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作者单位: | 1. 复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院心理系;2. 东南大学学习科学研究中心;3. 北京师范大学心理学院发展心理研究所;4. 美国宾夕法尼亚大学; |
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摘 要: | 采用追踪设计,考察了138名儿童4岁时的自我控制对其7-11岁期间社会适应的影响。分别采用实验室观察法和问卷法测量了儿童的自我控制与社会适应。研究结果表明(1)儿童4岁时的自我控制存在显著的性别差异,其中女孩的自我控制水平显著高于男孩;(2)4岁时的自我控制能够显著负向预测7岁时母亲报告的外显和内隐问题行为,以及父亲报告的外显问题行为;(3)4岁时的自我控制能够显著负向预测7岁时教师评价的学习问题行为;(4)4岁时的自我控制能够显著负向预测11岁时父亲报告的外显问题行为;(5)4岁时的自我控制能够显著正向预测教师报告的挫折耐受能力。
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关 键 词: | 自我控制 社会适应 问题行为 |
收稿时间: | 2012-05-21 |
修稿时间: | 2014-09-26 |
Self-control when Children was 4 Yours Old can Predict Social Adaption when They are 7 and 11 Years Old |
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Abstract: | This research was a longitudinal study to explore the influence of self-control of 4-year-old children on their social adaption at 7 and 11 years-old. Children’s self-control was observed in the laboratory, and social adaption was measured with questionnaire. The results were as follows: (1) Significantly difference of self-control was found for 4-year-old children; (2) Children’s self-control at the age of 4 years old predicted their external and internal problem behavior at 7 years old negatively; (3) Children’s self-control at the age of 4 years old predicted their external and learning problem behavior at 7 years old negatively; (4) Children’s self-control at the age of 4 years old predicted their external problem behavior at 11 years old negatively; (5) Children’s self-control at the age of 4 years old predicted their external problem behavior at 11 years old negatively,but predicted their frustration tolerance positively. |
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Keywords: | self-control social adaption problem behavior |
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