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Hit and miss: Innovation and the dissemination of evidence based psychological treatments
Authors:Gavin Andrews  Nickolai Titov
Affiliation:1. Tianjin Mental Health Institute, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China;2. University Centre of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;3. University of Groningen, Research School Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences (BCN), Groningen, The Netherlands;4. University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), Groningen, The Netherlands;1. Department of Clinical Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;2. Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany;3. The Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia;4. Institute of Child Health, University College London, United Kingdom;5. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;6. Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands;7. HumanTotalCare, Utrecht, the Netherlands;8. Research Department, Gaia AG, Hamburg, Germany;9. Informatics Institute, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey;10. Institute of Psychology, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Germany;11. Department of Medical Psychology, VU Medical Center, Academic Medical Center, Public Health Research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;12. Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales at St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia;13. Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Karolinska Institute for Disability Research, Stockholm, Sweden;14. Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;15. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Luebeck University, Luebeck, Germany;p. Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales at St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia;q. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany;r. Department of Medical Psychology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;s. Department of Mental Health, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyō-ku, Tokyo, Japan;t. Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden;u. Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, USA;v. Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden;w. MindSpot Clinic and eCentreClinic, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Australia;x. Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;y. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;z. Division of Online Health Training, Innovation Incubator, Leuphana University Lüneburg, Germany;11. Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland;12. Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;13. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.;14. Department of Primary Health Care, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden;15. Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;16. Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom;17. The MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom;18. School of Psychology, the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;19. Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden;110. Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark;111. Institute for Sex Research and Forensic Psychiatry, Hamburg, Germany;112. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden
Abstract:Dissemination is complex. It depends on the value of what is being disseminated to the recipient, and on professional and financial barriers to the adoption of what is being disseminated. Four examples are considered. In the first, an effective treatment program for adult stutterers, the tribal nature of health care slowed adoption. In the second, a model anxiety disorders clinic, a text book and matching video aided dissemination. In the third, government policy made it difficult for primary care physicians to carry out the CBT they had learned. In the fourth, the internet treatment for anxiety and depression succeeded because of the pent up demand for such services among the public.
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