儿童2～7岁行为抑制性发展对7岁时问题行为、学校适应的预测作用

本研究采用陌生实验室的录像观察考察了中国2~7岁儿童行为抑制性的发展,并且采用教师评价量表报告了儿童7岁时的学校适应,采用父母填写儿童行为调查表CBCL来测查儿童7岁时的问题行为,从而考察了儿童2~7岁的行为抑制性对其7岁时的问题行为和学校适应的预测作用。儿童2岁时,共有208名儿童参加了这项追踪研究,4岁时,由于被试拒绝参加、搬家或失约,共有176名儿童参加了实验室的录像观察。7岁时,共有124名儿童参加了实验室实验和学校教师的评价,并且父母对7岁儿童的问题行为进行了报告。同时参加2、4、7岁研究的儿童为66人,其中男孩为28人,女孩38人。协方差结构模型分析表明:儿童2岁时的抑制性水平越高,7岁时的学习问题越少;儿童4岁时的抑制性水平越高,7岁时的攻击行为越少,挫折耐受力、任务定向能力越强,但同时抑郁问题也越多。而7岁时的抑制性可以边缘显著地预测儿童7岁时母亲所报告的退缩问题,即7岁时抑制性水平越高,母亲所报告的退缩问题越多。而且,本研究还发现女孩7岁的抑制性水平越高,任务定向能力和果断的社交技能越差。男孩2岁的抑制水平越高,任务定向能力越强;男孩7岁时抑制水平越高,攻击行为越多。

The prediction of Behavioral Inhibition of the Children from Two to Seven Years Old for Problem Behavior and School Adjustment

The present study examined the behavioral inhibition of the children from two to seven-years-old by lab videotape,and assessed the children's school adjustment by teacher report,as well as their problem behavior by CBCL when these children were seven-years-old.Analysis of Moment Structures(AMOS) indicated that the more inhibited the two-year-old children were,the less learning problem they had when they were seven-years-old; the inhibition of the four-year-old children predicted the seven-year-old children.aggressive behavior,frustration tolerance,task orientation ability,and depression,that is,the more inhibited these children were when they were four years old,the stronger frustration tolerance ability and task orientation ability,as well as more depression problem they had when they were seven-years-old.Moreover,the more inhibited the girls were when they were seven-years-old,the worse task orientation ability and assertive social skill the girls had,while more inhibited the boys were when they were two years old,the better task orientation ability,but more inhibited the boys were when they were seven-years-old,more aggressive behavior they had.