拼音在方言儿童字词学习中的作用

本研究比较了以普通话与以方言为口语的儿童在根据拼音来学习生词或再认熟词时的成绩。研究结果发现 ,与普通话组相比 ,拼音对方言组儿童学习字词的积极作用在帮助他们再认已学过的词时最大。由于方言的影响 ,除了再认已学过的词汇外 ,拼音对方言儿童的积极作用明显不如学普通话的儿童。而对于普通话组来说 ,拼音更能够帮助儿童学习口语中熟悉的生词 ,而且对由一个生字组成的概念熟悉的词的积极影响大于由两个生字组成的概念熟悉的词。

Pin Yin in Child's Learning of Chinese Characters

Many researchers has indicated that Pin yin makes child easy to learn Chinese characters. Some studies have proven that Pin Yin helps first or second year pupils a great deal in their learning of Chinese characters. This is mainly due to the facts that Chinese literacy is the integration of sound, meaning and ideograph, which has both form and structure. Before they could learn the literacy, children have to study the sound and meaning of characters first, and then to relate these sound and meaning with the form and structure of the characters. This study is designed to explore the different effects of Pin Yin on Chinese character learning of Mandarin speaking children and other dialect speaking children. Two groups of first, second, and third grade students participated in the experiment. One is dialect speaking group, they speak Chinese dialect in their daily life, and even have difficulty in communication in Mandarin. The other group children are educated in Mandarin since in kindergarten and use Mandarin in their diary life. Three factors examined experiment were: familiar or unfamiliar concept, new word with one or two new characters or old word, and word presentation with or without Pin Yin. The following two results were found in the study: (1) Pin Yin can help both Mandarin speaking and dialect speaking children in studying new words, but Mandarin speaking children seem to receive more benefits. (2) The effect of Pin Yin on Chinese word learning is different between the two groups. Presented with Pin Yin, dialect speaking children performed better in the experiment in old words, while Mandarin speaking children performed better in new words of familiar concept, particularly in those with one new characters.