Vision and intelligence at age 83 in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1921 |
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| Authors: | Ross D. Henderson Michael Allerhand Niall Patton Alison Pattie Alan J. Gow Baljean Dhillon John M. Starr Ian J. Deary |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA;2. The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA;3. MGH/MIT/HMS Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA;4. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany;5. Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany;6. Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA;7. Dept. of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA;8. Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA;9. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA;10. Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA;11. Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA;12. Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA;13. Minneapolis Veterans Administration Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA;14. Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA;1. Drexel University;2. Psychology Program, Stockton University, 101 Vera King Farris Drive, Galloway, NJ 08205-9441, United States |
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| Abstract: | The extent to which visual function, measured as near and distant visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, is correlated with concurrently measured cognitive function and prior intellectual ability was investigated in a narrow age range group known as the Lothian Birth Cohort of 1921 (LBC1921). Participants were aged ~ 83 years at the time of testing (N = 321). A well-fitting structural equation model highlighted a significant contribution of a latent visual trait to a general fluid intelligence factor in old age, independent of the contribution from childhood intelligence. Additionally, childhood intelligence made a significant contribution to the general visual factor in old age. However, the model fitted equally well when the fluid intelligence factor is assumed to be a cause of the visual function latent trait, in which case childhood intelligence does not significantly influence vision in old age. We discuss these results with respect to four possible mechanisms by which vision and cognition can come to be correlated over the lifecourse. |
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