夫妻依恋风格、婚姻归因与婚姻质量的关系

本研究采用主—客体互倚模型(actor-partner interdependence model,APIM)的方法深入探讨夫妻的依恋风格、婚姻归因与自身及配偶感知到的婚姻质量之间的关系。以方便取样的方式在北京地区选取155对夫妻,采用Brennan等(1998)编制的亲密关系经历量表(ECR),Stander编制的婚姻归因量表(MAQ)和Spanier编制的婚姻质量问卷(DAS),要求夫妻双方分别报告其依恋风格、婚姻归因方式和感知到的婚姻质量。通过配对t检验、相关分析和结构方程模型分析发现:(1)夫妻对婚姻质量的总体知觉较为一致,但丈夫的婚姻满意度显著高于妻子;(2)夫妻双方在回避依恋和焦虑依恋两个分量表上不存在显著差异,但在婚姻归因上,妻子比丈夫表现出了更多的消极归因;(3)妻子的消极依恋显著地负向预测自身感知到的婚姻质量,而丈夫的消极依恋对自身感知到的婚姻质量没有显著影响;(4)在控制了丈夫、妻子的依恋风格、归因方式对其自身婚姻质量的主体效应之后,丈夫的依恋风格不能显著预测妻子感受到的婚姻质量,但其归因方式可以显著地预测妻子感受到的婚姻质量;然而妻子的归因方式并不能显著预测丈夫的婚姻质量。

Relationship between Couples' Attachment Style,Marital Attribution and Marital Quality

This study aimed to explore the relationship between couples attachment style, marital attribution and their marital quality using the actor-partner interdepend- ence model, which allows exploring the actor effect and partner effect simultaneously. A sample of 155 adult couples in Beijing were asked to fulfill the questionnaire including the experiences in Close Relationships Inventory developed by Brennan, marital attribution questionnaire revised by Stander, and Dyadic adjustment Scales developed by Spanier. The results indicated that： （1） Couples＇ general perception on marital quality was consistent with each other, but husbands＇ marital satisfaction was significantly high- er than wives＇ ; （2） Both spouses had no significant differences in attachment avoidance and anxiety subscales. However in the marital attribution scale, wives showed more negative attribution than husbands; （3） Wives＇ negative attachment negatively predicted their own marital quality significantly and husbands＇ negative attachment didn＇t significantly affect their own marital quality; （4） After controlling the actor effect, the husbands＇ marital attribution could significantly predict their wives＇ marital quality, while the wives＇ marital attribution couldn＇t predict their husbands＇ marital quality.