Secondary reinforcement in infants |
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| Authors: | A Silverstein |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota;2. Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota;1. Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States;2. Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;1. College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;2. Collin Group Inc., Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;3. Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering (CEAE) Department, The University of Kansas, 2150 Learned Hall, 1530 W. 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;4. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;5. Department of Civil, Environmental and Infrastructure Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA;6. ADAMA Engineering Inc., Portland, OR 97015, USA;7. Department of Civil Engineering & Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA;8. Officine Maccaferri SpA, Bologna 40069, Italy;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, 641112, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India;2. College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China;3. Production Engineering Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21544, Egypt |
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| Abstract: | A spatial discrimination was successfully formed by 10-month-old infants during a single experimental session on the basis of secondary reinforcement. In the first task, Ss received paired presentations of a tone and cereal for touching a target. After each reinforcement, 23 sec elapsed before another could be received and S heard a second tone during this period. In the second task, Ss heard the food-paired tone (T+) each time they touched one of 2 new targets and heard the second tone (Tn) each time they touched the other target. The number of responses producing T+ was reliably greater than the number producing Tn, thus demonstrating a genuine secondary reinforcement effect. |
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