虚拟环境中临境感及其测量方法

虚拟环境（VE）中的临境感是用户感知身处VE而产生的一种主观体验，是评价VE的重要指标。VE临境感产生的基础在于个体VE某一特征的集中注意，其程度强弱在一定范围内取决于个体分配于VE的注意资源量，受诸如计算机技术设备等系统因素、表现为个体差异的用户因素以及人机对话过程中交互因素的影响。在此基础上本文从生理指标（生理测量法、心率变化和皮肤电阻变化）、行为指标（姿势变化和冲突条件下的刺激定位）、心理物理学（对比法和跨通道匹配法）、主观评价（WS-PQ、SUS-PQ、ITC-SOPI和直接主观评价法）和绩效衡量对VE临境感的测量方法进行总结和简单评价。

Presence and Measuring Presencein Virtual Environment

Generally, virtual environment presence may be described as the subjective perception of experiencing oneself as being in a computer-generated environment rather than in one’s actual physical location. Presence was thought of as attention resource allocation to stimulus in VE, and the degree of presence was influenced by VE systems, individual difference and man-machine interaction factors. Based on these describing, this article reviewed of methods commonly used for measuring presence as five categories: subjective measures(WS-PQ, SUS-PQ, ITC-SOPI and Direct Subjective Ratings of Presence), physiological measures(Change In Heart Rate and Change In Skin Resistance/Conductance), psychophysics measure(Method of Paired Comparisons and Cross-Modality Matching), behavioral measures （Postural Responses and Responses to Virtual Cues with Conflicting Cues）and performance measures (secondary task measures)