不同性质的汉语高熟悉度隐喻意义加工过程——来自ERP研究的证据

采用ERP技术考察不同性质隐喻加工的时间进程与神经机制。以词对方式呈现词源性隐喻、引发性隐喻、一般字面义,被试进行语义相关判断任务。结果发现:从引发性隐喻、一般字面义到词源性隐喻,N400平均波幅呈阶梯状递减,引发性隐喻和词源性隐喻的P600平均波幅大于一般字面义。对于不同类型词对诱发的N400,大脑左半球没有显著差异,但右半球上引发性隐喻显著大于词源性隐喻和字面义词对。并且右半球P600平均波幅更大,但三种词对间没有显著差异。结果表明:(1)日常熟悉隐喻的理解更符合平行假说但需要更多的认知资源;(2)右半球是否参与以及参与程度与隐喻性质和加工阶段有关。

Cognitive Processes of Chinese High Familiar Metaphors with Different Semantic Properties:Evidence from an ERP Study

The present study used event-related potentials(ERPs)to examine the time-course and neural mechanisms of processing metaphorical and literal expressions.The stimuli materials were two-words expressions consisting of literal semantic relations,evoked metaphor or derived metaphor.Participants had to make judgment whether each word pair conveyed a meaningful expression or not.Meanwhile,ERPs components of the second word were recorded and off-line analyzed.The results revealed that on the N400 time window,amplitudes in a graded manner increasing from derived metaphor to literal expressions and to evoked metaphor.On the P600 time window,metaphorical expressions elicited more positive amplitudes than literal expressions but no difference between these two types of metaphor.Moreover,N400s elicited by different experimental conditions showed no significant hemisphere difference,however,evoked metaphor elicited more negative amplitudes than literal expressions in the right hemisphere.The results support the parallel hypothesis of metaphor comprehension.Metaphorical nature and processing stages may determine whether the right hemisphere involved in metaphor comprehension and the degree of its involvement.