多目标追踪在各类人群评价与训练中的应用

多目标追踪范式主要用来探讨动态情景下对多个目标的视觉注意和记忆加工过程, 早期研究侧重于追踪过程中的影响因素及加工机制。近年来, 越来越多的研究应用多目标追踪范式对各类人群进行评价与训练, 包括儿童、老年人、神经发育障碍患者、驾驶员、运动员、电子游戏玩家以及一些其他职业群体。总体来看, 多目标追踪表现越好, 在复杂快速的动态情境中的专业表现越好; 反之, 多目标追踪表现差, 标志着认知功能可能发育不成熟或出现衰退。并且, 多目标追踪还可作为认知训练的手段, 改善老年人和神经发育障碍患者的认知功能, 提高各职业人群的专业表现。未来, 多目标追踪作为评价和训练的方法还有很大的发展空间, 包括加强特殊职业人群的模拟训练, 扩展目标人群, 结合立体视觉和真实场景, 结合身体活动, 探索多人合作的多目标追踪, 拓展用于进行情绪和社会功能的评价与训练等。

The application of multiple object tracking in the evaluation and training of different populations

Multiple Object Tracking (MOT) is mainly used to explore visual attention and memory for multiple objects in dynamic contexts. Earlier studies focused on the influencing factors and processing mechanisms of the tracking process. An increasing number of recent studies have used MOT to evaluate and train different populations, including children, the elderly, patients with neurodevelopmental conditions, drivers, athletes, video game players, and other occupational groups. In general, a trend has emerged whereby the better the performance of MOT, the better the professional performance in complex and fast dynamic contexts. Conversely, poorer performance of MOT indicates that cognitive functioning may be immature or declining. In addition, MOT can also be used as a means of cognitive training to improve the cognitive function of the elderly and patients with neurodevelopmental conditions and improve the professional performance of various occupational groups. MOT should be considered for future use as it has enormous potential as a method of evaluation and training. This can be further improved in various ways, including strengthening the simulated training of special occupational groups, expanding the target populations, combining MOT with stereoscopic vision and real scenes, taking physical activities during MOT, exploring MOT with multi-person cooperation, and using MOT for the evaluation and training of emotional and social functions.