亲子关系对青少年冒险行为的影响:有调节的中介模型

为探讨亲子关系对青少年冒险行为的影响机制，采用亲子关系问卷、同伴群体特征问卷及冒险行为问卷对山东省日照市三所普通中学的1275名初一到高三学生进行调查。结果发现：（1）父母支持与亲子冲突、不良同伴交往及冒险行为均呈负相关，亲子冲突与不良同伴交往、冒险行为均呈正相关，不良同伴交往与冒险行为呈正相关；（2）父母支持显著负向预测冒险行为，亲子冲突显著正向预测冒险行为，且两者的预测作用都可以通过不良同伴交往的中介作用实现；（3）在亲子冲突影响冒险行为这一模型中，不良同伴交往起中介作用，且中介的后半路径受性别调节，具体表现为：与女生相比，男生结交不良同伴会参与更多冒险行为。结果提示，不良亲子关系和不良同伴交往都是青少年冒险行为的重要预测因素，且不良亲子关系可以通过影响同伴交往影响青少年冒险行为。此外，在这一过程中，存在性别差异，当亲子冲突较多时，尤其应当关注男孩的同伴交往情况。

The Associations of Parent-adolescent Relationship with Adolescent Risk-taking Behavior: A Moderated Mediating Model

To explore the mechanism of the relationship between parent-adolescent relationship and risk-taking behavior of adolescents, with a sample of 1275 7^th~12^th graders (mean age=14.96 years, SD=1.79) as participants. The participants completed the Network of Relationships, Peer Group Character Questionnaire and Adolescent Risk-Taking Behavior Questionnaire. It showed that (1) Parental support was significantly and negatively related to parent-adolescent conflict, deviant peer affiliation and adolescents risk-taking behavior; parent-adolescent conflict was significantly and positively related to deviant peer affiliation and adolescents risk-taking behavior; deviant peer affiliation was significantly and positively linked with adolescents risk-taking behavior; (2)Parental support was negatively correlated with risk-taking behavior; parent-adolescent conflict was positively correlated with risk-taking behavior; and deviant peer affiliation mediated the relationship between parent-adolescent relationship and adolescent risk-taking behavior. (3) Deviant peer affiliation played a mediating role on the effect of parent-child conflict on adolescent risk-taking behavior, and the second half of the mediation process was moderated by gender. Specifically, compared with girls, boys with delinquent peers would participate in more risk-taking behaviors. It suggests that negative parent-adolescent relationship and deviant peer affiliation are key predictors of risk-taking behavior and that deviant peer affiliation plays an important mediating role in the association of negative parent-adolescent relationship with adolescent risk-taking behavior. In addition, there are gender differences in this process. When teenagers have more parent-adolescent conflict, we should pay more attention to the peer relationships among male adolescents.