基于气质视角的情绪调节与儿童问题行为

问题行为作为儿童期的异常行为妨碍儿童正常的社会适应, 通常包括内化和外化问题行为。儿童情绪调节功能的异常被认为是其主要影响因素, 相关成因亦源于儿童自身的气质特征。在对国内外相关研究梳理的基础上, 从气质的四个维度出发(积极情感/接近、恐惧/行为抑制、愤怒/烦躁、努力控制)分析了情绪调节与常见调节策略对儿童问题行为的影响及相应的情绪调节训练干预。未来研究应结合儿童气质特征, 深入探讨气质各维度之间的交互作用与儿童情绪调节以及问题行为之间的关系, 并在纵向研究中加入神经生理相关技术, 考察三者在儿童发展过程中的关系, 此外还应开展国内本土化研究, 开发适合我国问题行为儿童的实践干预方案, 促进儿童情绪社会化的健康发展。

Relation between emotion regulation and child problem behaviors based on the perspective of temperament

Problem behaviors refer to abnormal child behavior including internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors, which disturb the normal social adaptation of children. Individual differences in temperament determine the ability and development of child emotion regulation, and is considered as the main influencing factor of child problem behaviors. Based on previous researches, starting from the four dimensions of temperament (Positive Affectivity/Approach, Fear/Behavioral Inhibition, Angry/Irritability, Effortful Control), we summarized the effect of emotion regulation and common regulation strategies on child problem behaviors. We also discussed the emotion regulation interventions from the perspective of temperament. The future study should consider the characteristics of child temperament, discuss the interaction of the temperament dimensions and its relationship with child emotion regulation and problem behaviors, and include the neurophysiological techniques in longitudinal studies to explore the relationship of these three factors in child development. In addition, researchers should deepen domestic research to develop suitable intervention programs for Chinese children and promote the healthy development of children's emotional socialization.