儿童情景记忆绑定加工:研究范式、发展特点及影响因素

个体需要将亲身经历的核心事实信息及其发生的时间、空间等背景信息绑定起来形成情景记忆,绑定加工能力的发展是儿童情景记忆发展的基础。目前,儿童情景记忆绑定加工研究的主要范式有要素绑定范式和配对关联学习范式。绑定加工在儿童期的发展表现出项目-空间绑定记忆优于项目-时间绑定记忆,复杂任务的绑定加工水平较低的特点。儿童情景记忆绑定加工的发展依赖于编码和提取能力的发展、执行功能认知灵活性的提高以及内侧颞叶和前额叶皮层的发育。未来可以对情景记忆绑定加工的发展开展纵向研究、采用VR技术提高绑定加工研究的生态效度、加强对情景记忆绑定加工神经机制的探讨等。

Binding Process in Children's Episodic Memory: Research Paradigm,Development Characteristics and Influencing Factors

Individuals need to bind the core facts of personal experience and the context information such as time and space to form episodic memory. Therefore, the process of binding is the basis for the development of episodic memory. Binding is a coding process for the relationship between simultaneous stimuli. At present, children's episodic memory binding process is mainly studied through element binding paradigm and paired-associate learning paadigm. The development of binding in childhood is as follows:item-space binding is better than item-time binding, and complex task binding is poor. The development of children's episodic memory binding process relies on the development of coding and retrieving capabilities, the enhancement of cognitive flexibility, and the development of MTL and PFC. In the future research, we can expand longitudinal research,use VR technology to improve ecological validity,and deepen the discussion of the neural mechanism of binding process.