网络欺负中的旁观者行为

网络欺负中的旁观者是指“目击网络欺负事件的个体”。旁观者目击欺负后的行为反应可以分为：亲社会行为和反社会行为。影响旁观者行为的因素有旁观者的个人特质(冲动性、外向性和开放性)、旁观者的心理因素(同理心、自我效能感、社会支持和孤独感)、受欺负个体的自我表露程度和生态环境中的关系等。旁观者效应、道德脱离和旁观者干预模型可以对旁观者目击网络欺负事件后的反应进行解释。未来可以从具身认知、脑神经机制、跨文化和网络环境塑造等方面作出进一步探索。

Bystander behavior in cyberbullying

Bystanders in cyberbullying refers to “the individuals who witness bullying events online”. The behaviors of bystanders after witnessing bullying can be divided into two types - prosocial behaviors and antisocial behaviors. There are factors that influence bystander’s behaviors which include their personality traits (impulsiveness, extroversion and openness), psychological factors (empathy, self-efficacy, social support and loneliness), the degree of self-disclosure of bullied individuals, and their relationship in the ecological environment, etc. Bystander intervention model, moral disengagement and bystander effect can explain bystander reactions after they witness the cases of cyberbullying. Future studies may make further explorations from the perspectives of cognition, brain mechanism, cross-cultural practices and the constructions of network environment.