5-HTTLPR基因多态性和早期养育压力对学前儿童问题行为的影响

本研究拟探讨5-HTTLPR基因多态性与母亲早期养育压力对中国汉族学前儿童问题行为的交互作用机制和性别差异。355名6个月婴儿及其父母参加了本研究。在婴儿6个月时,收集婴儿的口腔脱落细胞和母亲养育压力数据;在48个月时,再次邀请父母分别报告儿童的问题行为。结果发现:(1)当母亲养育压力较高时,s/s和s/l型男孩的外显问题行为显著高于l/l型男孩;但当母亲养育压力较低时,两组男孩没有显著差异;(2)当母亲养育压力较高时,l/l型女孩的内隐问题行为显著高于s/s和s/l型女孩;但当母亲养育压力较低时,两组女孩没有显著差异。研究结果表明,5-HTTLPR基因多态性与母亲养育压力在预测男孩外显问题行为和女孩内隐问题行为时的交互作用机制均支持素质-压力模型。

The Effect of 5-HTTLPR Polymorphism and Early Parenting Stress on Preschoolers' Behavioral Problems

Genetic (G) and environmental factors (E) play a critical role in the development of child behavioral problems. How G and E interact with each other is a hot topic in the field of child development. The present study aimed to explore how 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and maternal parenting stress interact with each other when impacting on child behavioral problems in China. 355 children and their parents participated in this study at the child age of 6 months. At 6 months old, maternal parenting stress, buccal cells from children, and demographic data were collected. 5-HTTLPR polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction amplification. At 48 months old, the mother and father were invited again to report child behavioral problems, respectively. The results showed:(1) maternal parenting stress was positively linked with externalizing problems of boys with s/s and s/l genotypes, but not for boys with l/l genotype. This interaction was consisted with diathesis-stress model, indicating that the s/s and s/l genotypes were risk factors for boys to suffer from high parenting stress to have more externalizing problems; (2) maternal parenting stress was positively associated with internalizing problems of l/l-genotype girls, but not for s/s-and s/l-genotype girls. This interaction fit with diathesis-stress model, which indicated that the l/l genotype was a risk factor for girls to suffer from high parenting stress to have more internalizing problems.