儿童行为抑制的生理机制研究述评

行为抑制指儿童不愿意接近陌生刺激,并带有害羞、恐惧和焦虑等消极情绪的气质类型,具有中等程度的稳定性和特定生理基础,对儿童日后情绪和行为发展具有较大影响。与非行为抑制个体相比,在特定的刺激条件下,行为抑制个体的杏仁核、纹状体和右前额区域的激活水平可能较高,心率和可的松水平也倾向于较高。目前,研究者已结合行为和生理学方法来探讨行为抑制的生理机制,取得了一些重要的进展。但是,也存在一些问题有待于进一步探讨。

The Physiological Mechanism of Children's Behavioral Inhibition

Behavioral inhibition is a temperamental category which refers to children's avoidant reaction to novel stimulus with shyness,fear and anxiety.It is moderately stable and displays special physiological profiles,and has huge influence on children's later development.Under special stimulus,inhibited children may have lower threshold of excitability than uninhibited ones in amygdalar,prefrontal cortex and striatal,with higher level of cortisol and heart rate.Now researchers have made great progress integrating behavioral and biological methods to explore the physiological mechanism of behavioral inhibition.However,lots of problems still remain and need to be solved in further research.