An fMRI study of the social competition in healthy subjects |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;2. Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Canada;3. Department of Psychology, McGill University, Canada;4. Behavioral & Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Canada;5. School of Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Canada;6. Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Canada;7. Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Canada;1. Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior(CCNU), Ministry of Education, School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China;2. Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China;3. Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;4. Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;5. Translational Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;6. MRI center, Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai, China;7. Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China;8. Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Social interaction requires the ability to infer another person’s mental state (Theory of Mind, ToM) and also executive functions. This fMRI study aimed to identify the cerebral correlates activated by ToM during a specific social interaction, the human–human competition. In this framework, we tested a conflict resolution task (Stroop) adapted to a virtual situation of competition. The participants were instructed to play in order to win either against a human-like competitor (human–human competition) or against a non-human competitor (human–machine competition). Only the human–human competition requires ToM as this type of competition is performed under social interaction. We identified first the classical network of executive regions activated by Stroop. Secondly, we identified the social (human–human) competition regions, represented by the bilateral superior and inferior frontal gyri, the anterior cingulate, the insula, the superior and anterior temporal, the hippocampus, the fusiform gyrus, the cuneus and the precuneus. Finally, we identified the executive regions that were modulated by the human–human competition, i.e., the executive control regions additionally activated when mentalizing in the context of social competition. They constituted a network predominant to the right and composed of the superior and middle frontal, anterior cingulate, insula and fusiform gyrus. We suggest that our experimental paradigm may be useful in exploration of the cerebral correlates of social adjustments in several situations such as psychiatric disorders presenting executive and social dysfunctions. |
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