汉字内隐记忆的实验研究（Ⅰ）──内隐记忆存在的条件

通过四个２×２×２方差设计实验，将直接测量（再认任务）和间接测量（偏好判断任务）在形式上进行匹配，考察了汉字的注意因素，测量任务因素和时程因素经过不同组合构成的１０种情况，其中测量任务因素的间接测量根据汉字的局部加工（字形、字义、字音）和整体加工（整体特征）分为四种子任务，试图寻找汉字认知范畴里内隐记忆存在的条件。实验分学习和测验两个阶段。学习阶段的处理对所有被试都相同。测验阶段的不同指导语形成不同的测量任务。结果发现了内隐记忆存在的三个必要条件是非注意（目标）汉字，汉字的整体加工和偏好判断任务后阶段。匹配方法的使用是发现内隐记忆的保证。汉字的整体加工和局部加工具有不同的特点。

A STUDY ON IMPLICIT MEMORY OF CHINESE CHARACTERS

Ten treatments constituting of attention factor, task factor, and block factor were studied. The indirect measure of task factor was divided into four subtasks according to global and local process of Chinese characters, Instruction in the test phase created different discrimination tasks which were matched in all other characteristics. It was discovered that there were three necessary conditions of the existence of implicit memory, namely uncued characters, preference discrimination(indirect) measure and global process, in which the performance of indirect measure is significantly greater than chance level while that of direct measure is the opposite, The experiment proposed an alternative branch based on Reingold and Merikle's logic, attempting to form a perfect alternative approach to study implicit memory compared with the dissociation paradigm. The application of matched method is vital.