2004至2013年中国大学生人格变迁的横断历史研究

已有研究发现大学生的心理健康等心理状态随社会变迁而发生变化，那么作为个体内在特质的人格是如何随年代变化呢?本研究对2004至2013年65篇采用五因素人格量表的研究进行了横断历史分析，以揭示47029名大学生人格特质的变化趋势。结果发现：（1）2004至2013年期间，大学生的人格五个因子得分与年代之间均呈现显著正相关，大学生人格特质发生了整体变化。（2）大学生的神经质、外向性、开放性和严谨性得分在10年期间均上升1个标准差以上，其d值在1.06~1.30之间，宜人性提高0.57个标准差。大学生在变得更加外向、开放、严谨和宜人的同时，情绪稳定性也更差。（3）男女大学生人格特质的变化既有共同趋势，又存在明显差异，男生的五个因子得分都显著上升，但是女生的开放性无变化，宜人性却有所下降。

Changes in College Students' Personality in 2004~2013: A Cross-temporal Meta-analysis

Previous studies have found that college students' psychological states, such as mental health and so on, changed with the social change. We are interested in how intrinsic personality traits change with times. This study conducted a cross-temporal meta-analysis of 65 papers from 2004 to 2013 adopting NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) to investigate the changing trends of the personality traits of 47029 College Students. The results showed that:(1) During 2004~2013, the scores of the five factors of college students' personality were significantly positively correlated with the times. This means that the personality traits of college students have changed with times. (2) Over the past decade, the scores of the students' Nervousness, Extraversion, Openness and Conscientiousness was increased more than 1 standard deviation (the d value was between 1.06 and 1.30), and the Agreeableness improved 0.57 standard deviation. This means that college students became more outgoing, more open, more conscientious and more pleasant, and their emotional stabilities were worse. (3) The changes of personality traits of male and female college students had common trends and some significant differences. The five factor scores of male were significantly increased, but the Openness had no change and the Agreeableness even declined in female.