| Abstract: | Although previous research has examined late arrival to and early departure from work, little is known about early arrival and late departure. Using data from 227 participants employed in a number of different organizations, the current study found that early arrival, late arrival, early departure, and late departure represent four distinct constructs. Furthermore, early arrival and late departure loaded onto the same second-order factor as organizational citizenship behaviors and late arrival and early departure loaded onto the same second-order factor as counterproductive work behaviors. Additional analyses found that Conscientiousness and job attitudes predicted significant variance in each of these attendance behaviors. We also collected qualitative data from a second sample (N = 176), which found that early employees generally spend their extra time at work engaging in work-related activities. |
