特异性免疫疗法在儿童哮喘治疗中的应用

支气管哮喘是儿童最常见的慢性呼吸道疾病，近年来发病呈逐年上升趋势。在儿童哮喘的治疗方案中，脱敏治疗是唯一从变态反应疾病的病因治疗可改变疾病进程的疗法。注射脱敏是传统的脱敏方法，儿童疗效优于成人，但由于采用注射的方式，使该方法一直应用于5岁以上的儿童。舌下脱敏治疗是90年代开始在国外进行应用的一种脱敏治疗方法，其安全性和有效性在国外已得到多项临床研究的证实，且其安全性在儿童要优于成人，因此舌下脱敏治疗为5岁以下年幼哮喘儿童的特异性免疫治疗提供了新的思路和治疗策略。

Analysis and Countermeasure of Informed Consent Status in Clinical Trials

Bronchial asthma is a most common chronic respiratory disease in children and its incidence showed an upward trend year by year. Desensitization therapy is the only treatment that can change the process of asthma in children and has more efficiency in childhood patients than adults. Subcutaneous desensitization is the traditional method of desensitization that has been applied in the children over 5 years because it is operated by injection. Sublingual desensitization, as a new way of desensitization therapy which started 90 years ago, its safety and effectiveness has been confirmed by a number of clinical studies in foreign countries. There is credible evidence that its safety in children is better than that in adults. Overall,sublingual desensitization is a suitable treatment for young children under the age of five. It will offer new ideas and treatment strategies for young children.