文本阅读中情境模型建构和更新的机制

采用移动窗口阅读技术探讨了文本阅读中情境模型建构和更新的机制。实验材料按照特征描述与目标行为 的关系总体上分为可能、不可能和重新可能三个版本。实验1主要探讨了文章开始部分有明显的焦点信息时情境模 型建构和更新的机制，检验了更新追随假设的合理性；实验2主要探讨了文章开始部分没有明显的焦点信息时情境 模型建构和更新的机制，检验了记忆基础文本加工理论的合理性；实验3使用再认探测任务，进一步检验了更新追 随假设和记忆基础文本加工理论的差异。实验结果表明，文本阅读中情境模型的建构和更新是一个双加工过程，在 自然阅读过程中，读者根据所阅读的信息不同会产生不同的信息加工活动，既会有记忆基础文本加工理论所支持的 协调性整合，也会有建构主义的更新追随假设所支持的焦点整合

Mechanism of Constructing and Updating Situation Models in Text-Reading

Moving window display technique was used to investigate the mechanism of constructing and updating situation models in text-reading.According to whether the characteristic elaboration was consistent with subsequent target action carried out by the protagonist,the experimental materials were divided into three categories: enablement,disablement and re-ablement version.In experiment 1, the mechanism of constructing and updating situation models in text with explicit goal information was investigated to support the here-and-now hypothesis.In experiment 2,the mechanism of constructing and updating situation models in text without explicit goal information was investigated to support the memory-based text processing view.In experiment 3,the difference between the here-and-now hypothesis and the memory-based text processing view was further investigated with probe tasks.The results indicated that the mechanism of constructing and updating situation models in text-reading was different with the changing of information.A processing theory of bi-mechanism for constructing and updating situation models is suggested,which proposes that the mechanism of constructing and updating situation models in normal reading includes both coordinating integration supported by the memory-based text processing view and goal-information integration supported by the here-and-now hypothesis.