社会信息归类过程中刻板印象的内隐效应

采用信号检测论和间接测量方法探讨社会信息归类过程中的刻板印象内隐效应。实验结果表明：（1）范畴启动可以自动激活有关的刻板印象内容，说明在很大程度上刻板印象是归类过程的一种必然结果与产物；（2）那些在内容上与范畴启动所导致自动的刻板印象激活及其相关内容一致、不一致或相反的建构分别易于出现同化与对比效应；（3）在个体水平上，通过意识性抑制在短期内很难压制刻板印象的自动激活，这表明刻板印象加工在很大程度上涉及到内隐过程。

IMPLICIT EFFECT OF STEREOTYPE IN THE PROCESS OF SOCIAL INFORMATION CATEGORIZATION

Adopted signal detection method and indirect method, this study discussed the implicit effect of stereotype in the process of social information categorization. The results suggested: (1) Category priming can automatically activate the relevant content of stereotype, which illustrates to a certain extent stereotype may be a necessary consequence or outcome from the category process. (2) The activations of the stereotypes caused by the category priming and its corresponding construction respectively tend to bring forth the assimilation effect or the contrast effect. (3) On the individual level, it is very difficult to inhibit the automatic activation about stereotype by conscious inhibition, which manifests that the implicit processes are deeply involved in the stereotyping processing.