男同性恋的身体意象：特点与理论分析

对男同性恋身体意象的研究有近30年的历史。男同性恋比男异性恋更容易出现负面身体意象、身体不满意和进食障碍等。男同性恋追求瘦而有肌肉的理想身体。针对这些特点, 研究者提出一些理论假设进行解释, 包括性客观化理论、内化同性恋污名、性别角色假设、进化心理学假设和AIDS/HIV假设等。未来研究要进行整合的和多样化的研究取向, 方法上采用以网络调查为主的定量研究和以现象学分析为主的定性研究。最后, 国内研究要更注重文化特异性。

Review On Gay Men' Body Image: What and Why

Gay men’ body image have been the focus of research over the past 30 years. Gay men report greater levels of poor body image, body dissatisfaction and eating disorders compared to heterosexual men. The ideal gay man’s body is constructed by researchers and theorists as thin and muscle. To account for the phenomena of body image in gay men, researchers have tended to speculate about the contribution of a range of social-cultural and psychological factors. It includes the sexual objectification theory, sociocultural theory, internalized homonegativity, evolution psychology hypothesis, the role of sex role and AIDS/HIV. Integration and diversity should be the future directions of research. Two factors should be concerned in the method, which are Internet-based recruitment and phenomenological analysis. Culture specificity of Chinese gay men is also should be concerned.