冲突适应效应研究述评

冲突适应效应指在一致性任务的试次序列中, 被试在前一试次中经历冲突后会使其在当前试次中更好的解决冲突。目前对于该效应有冲突监测理论、特征整合理论和学习理论三种不同的解释。研究者们对冲突适应的产生条件(诱发冲突适应的冲突性质、范围和程度)进行了大量的研究, 同时, 对冲突适应效应的影响因素(工作记忆、注意资源及动机和情绪)也做了探讨。未来的研究应将认知因素和非认知因素结合起来探讨冲突适应效应的产生条件及影响因素, 并加强神经机制的研究, 以更好的揭示冲突适应效应的实质。

An Overview of Current Studies about the Conflict Adaptation Effect

The conflict adaptation effect(CAE) refers to the phenomenon that the interference effects are smaller following an incongruent stimulus than following a congruent one.Three theoretical accounts are developed to explain the mechanisms underlying CAE:conflict monitoring theory,feature integration account,and online learning account.Many studies have been conducted for CAE in these three fields(investigating the nature,domain and extent of the conflicts which induce CAE).Meanwhile,a few studies have been conducted investigating the influencing factors of CAE.In order to get a clear view of the CAE essence,future studies should combine the cognitive factors and non-cognitive factors to explore the influence factors of CAE.Furthermore,it is important to strengthen the neural mechanisms study.