从进化心理学视角看两性冒险行为

进化心理学研究发现, 男性比女性更冒险, 男性冒险行为有社会助长和性别助长效应, 求偶动机与异性高魅力均可助长男性冒险行为。按照进化心理学观点, 冒险行为能表现男性作为潜在配偶的积极特征, 可增加其获得异性配偶的几率。择偶偏好研究也证实, 女性青睐敢于冒险的男性。作者认为, 女性冒险行为与求偶动机的关系主要受社会文化影响, 如中国女性在中意的异性面前更避险, 冒险行为领域中进化和文化的交互作用可能成为未来研究焦点。

Risk Taking of Males and Females from the Perspective of Evolutionary Psychology

Research in evolutionary psychology has found that males take more risk than do females,the male risk–taking helps increase the social facilitation and sex facilitation,and mating motivation and female attractiveness can facilitate male risk-taking behavior. According to the theories of evolutionary psychology,male risk-taking behavior could present his positive features as a potential mate,and thus increase his probability of successful mating. Studies on mating preference have also confirmed that females prefer males who are brave enough to take risks. The authors of this paper argue that in comparison with evolutionary process,social culture should have strong effects on the relationship between female risk-taking and female mating motivation. For example,Chinese women tend to avoid risks in front of males who are attractive to them. The interactive effects of evolutionary psychology and cultural psychology on risk–taking behaviors may be a new focus in future research.