The costs of caring: Gender identification increases threat following exposure to sexism |
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Authors: | Dina Eliezer Brenda Major |
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Institution: | a University of California, Department of Psychology, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States b Harvard University, Department of Psychology, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States |
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Abstract: | The current research examined whether group identification moderates the extent to which perceived ingroup discrimination is threatening, as indexed by physiological and self-report measures. Women read and gave a speech summarizing an article describing sexism as prevalent or rare. They then completed a distraction task and sat for a recovery period. Cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) was used to index threat experienced on an automatic level and self-reported anxiety was used to index threat experienced on a controlled level. Regardless of group identification, participants in the prevalent sexism (vs. rare sexism) condition exhibited a pattern of CVR consistent with threat during the speech and reported greater anxiety post-speech. During recovery, however, highly identified participants in the prevalent sexism condition exhibited a sustained threat pattern of CVR and reported higher anxiety post-recovery compared to low identifiers. High group identification may heighten the psychological and physiological burden of discrimination. |
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Keywords: | Discrimination Prejudice Sexism Stress Group identification Threat |
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