Comparison of black-white differences on the WISC-R and the K-ABC: Spearman's hypothesis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Psychology, Bangor University, UK;2. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University of Freiburg, Germany;3. Institute of Medical and Social Care Research, Bangor University, UK;4. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Germany;5. Institute of Psychology, University of Bonn, Germany;6. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany;1. VISN-22 Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, USA;2. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;3. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA;4. Mental Health Service, San Francisco Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | The Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revise (WISC-R) are compared with respect to the magnitudes of the average white-black differences in standardized scaled scores and in raw scores. The two test batteries were administered to a sample of 172 fourth- and fifth-grade children comprising 86 black-white pairs matched on age, sex, school, and socioeconomic status. The K-ABC and WISC-R are highly correlated, and the general factor, or g, of one battery is virtually identical to the g of the other. The high positive correlation between the size of the white-black difference on the various subtests of both batteries and the subtests' loadings on the g factor bears out Spearman's hypothesis that a test's white-black dicriminability is a direct function of the test's g loading. The lesser white-black discriminability of the K-ABC relative to the WISC-R is attributable to (1) the smaller g loadings of the K-ABC subsets and (2) the presence of other factors, particularly sequential short-term memory which, to some degree, offsets the white-black difference in g. |
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