I act,therefore I am: Athletic identity and the health action process approach predict sport participation among individuals with acquired physical disabilities |
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| Authors: | Marie-Josée Perrier Shane N. Sweet Shaelyn M. Strachan Amy E. Latimer-Cheung |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada;2. Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada;1. School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, 6081 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada;2. The English Institute of Sport, 299 Alan Turing Way, Manchester, M11 3BS, United Kingdom;3. School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom;4. The Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport in the School of Sport, Exercise and Health, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, United Kingdom;1. Exercise Sciences Department, Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada;2. Cardiac Rehabilitation and Prevention Program, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada;3. School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Canada |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThe study had two objectives 1) to test the fit of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model for sport participation among individuals with acquired physical disabilities and 2) to estimate the extent to which athletic identity predicts intentions to engage in sport within the context of HAPA.DesignProspective cohort of 82 women and 19 men with acquired permanent disabilities (Mage = 44.0; Myears post-injury = 16.2; %in sport = 61.7%).MethodAll HAPA indicators and athletic identity were assessed at baseline and sport participation was assessed using the Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire for People with Spinal Cord Injury two weeks later. Structural equation modelling was used to test the HAPA model.ResultsThe HAPA constructs explained 15% of the variance in sport participation and 18% of the variance when athletic identity was added to the model. Instrumental (β = .21), affective (β = .15), and negative outcome expectancies (β = ?.20) were significant predictors of intentions to participate in sport, as was athletic identity (β = .25). Intentions to participate in sport significantly predicted planning (β = .54) yet there was no direct relationship between planning and sport participation (β = ?.008; p > .05). When the relationship between planning and maintenance self-efficacy was reversed, planning had a significant indirect effect on sport participation through maintenance self-efficacy (β = .33).ConclusionThe HAPA model is a good predictive model for sport participation among those with acquired physical disabilities; furthermore, athletic identity accounts for additional variance in sport participation. These constructs can be valuable components of sport promotion programs for this population. |
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