Athletes' experiences of expressive writing about sports stressors |
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| Authors: | Joanne Hudson Melissa C. Day |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3FD, UK;2. University of Chichester, UK;1. Academy of Sport and Physical Activity, Sheffield Hallam University, United Kingdom;2. School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, United Kingdom;3. Norwich Business School, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom;1. Centre for Educational Research and Institute for Culture and Society, Western Sydney University, Australia;2. Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Australia;3. Department of Sociology, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands;4. Faculty of Education, Monash University, Australia;1. Swansea University, Wales, UK;2. Performance1, England, UK;3. University of British Columbia, Canada |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesThis study explored athletes' experiences of expressive writing about competitive sport stressors using standard expressive writing and reversal theory framed writing (Apter, 2001).DesignThe study employed a qualitative approach including narrative analysis of expressive writing and semi-structured interviews with athletes.MethodSixteen athletes were randomly allocated to a standard expressive writing or a reversal theory framed writing group. Both groups completed expressive writing about a stressor using standardised instructions. The reversal theory writing group were instructed on reversal theory states and imagery use to recreate them which they employed to write from different state perspectives in four subsequent sessions. Standard writing group participants completed four sessions following usual expressive writing instructions. Both groups completed a final session following these instructions and were interviewed about expressive writing and their perceptions of the stressor.ResultsKey outcomes were: re-evaluation and perspective changes, self development, stressor confrontation, problem solving, emotion management and, future uses of expressive writing.ConclusionsExpressive writing may be a technique that is useful for some athletes and recommendations for its application are made. |
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