Sexual harassment under social identity threat: the computer harassment paradigm |
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Authors: | Maass Anne Cadinu Mara Guarnieri Gaia Grasselli Annalisa |
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Institution: | Dipartimento di Psicologia dello Sviluppo e della Socializzazione, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. anne.maass@unipd.it |
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Abstract: | Two laboratory experiments investigated the hypothesis that threat to male identity would increase the likelihood of gender harassment. In both experiments, using the computer harassment paradigm, male university students (N=80 in Experiment 1, N=90 in Experiment 2) were exposed to different types of identity threat (legitimacy threat and threat to group value in Experiment 1 and distinctiveness threat and prototypicality threat in Experiment 2) or to no threat and were then given the opportunity to send pornographic material to a virtual female interaction partner. Results show that (a) participants harassed the female interaction partner more when they were exposed to a legitimacy, distinctiveness, or prototypicality threat than to no threat; (b) this was mainly true for highly identified males; and (c) harassment enhanced postexperimental gender identification. Results are interpreted as supporting a social identity account of gender harassment. |
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