焦虑对社会决策行为的影响

焦虑是在人类日常生活中常见的一种负性情绪。探讨焦虑情绪在个人生活和工作中扮演的角色, 是生理学界和心理学界的一项重要课题。过往研究显示焦虑水平的提高会对社会能力和社交技巧造成显著的影响。在社会决策领域中, 这种影响的具体表现是高焦虑者比低焦虑者更倾向于采取回避风险的策略。但是, 过往研究主要关心包含经济因素的社会决策, 而对其他类型的社会行为的探索存在不足。以下问题值得未来研究者们关注：在个体层面上, 高焦虑者是否会更容易受到外界信息的影响, 表现出更强的从众行为和权威依从倾向, 与他人进行社会比较或社会竞争的动机是否会被削弱？在群体层面上, 高焦虑者是否更容易表现出人际信任, 以及是否会表现出更强的服从集体倾向？考察这些问题将会为针对焦虑情绪的认知研究和临床研究起到促进作用。

The Influence of Anxiety on Social Decision Behavior

Anxiety is one of the most important kinds of negative emotions in our daily life. The potential influence of anxiety on personal life and cognitive ability is an important topic in the area of physiology. Previous studies reveal that anxiety significantly dampens social skills, for instance, high-anxious people are more likely than low-anxious people to choose avoidance strategy during social decision-making. Nevertheless, the research on this behavioral pattern has only developed for a few years and many questions remain unsolved. Particularly, previous studies selectively focus on social decisions with the economic factor, while those without the factor are largely ignored. This paper highlights the following issues which are unexplored: on individual level, whether high-anxious people are more likely to be affected by social information, and show the willingness to be conformity and obey authority; whether the motive to be involved in social comparison and social competition would be weakened among high-anxious people; on group level, whether anxious people are more likely to show interpersonal trust and collectivism. The answers to these questions would prove beneficial to the cognitive and clinical studies on anxiety.