汉语词汇产生中音、形、义三种信息激活的时间进程

采用图-词干扰范式和图片命名方法，探讨语音、语义、字形在汉语词汇产生中激活的时间进程与特点。选择与目标图片名称(如“羊”)具有同音(“阳”)、语义相联(“牛”)、字形相似(“丰”)或无关控制(“冷”)等四种关系的干扰字，依SOA条件呈现在将要被命名的图片上，发现图片命名时间受干扰字的影响：语义干扰效应存在于较早期的SOA(0ms)条件中，在较晚期SOA(150ms)时有很大的减弱；语音促进效应和字形促进效应同时强烈地存在于早期和晚期SOA。实验发现了词条选择(语义激活)和音位编码(语音提取)在激活时间上的重叠现象，与传统的独立两阶段模型的预期存在明显矛盾，倾向于支持交互作用理论的观点。

PHONOLOGICAL, ORTHOGRAPHIC, AND SEMANTIC ACTIVATION IN THE SPEECH PRODUCTION OF CHINESE

A picture word interference paradigm was used to investigate the relative time course of phonological, orthographic, and semantic activation in the speech production of Chinese. Subjects were asked to name pictures onto which a Chinese character was superimposed either at the same time as picture presentation or 150ms later. The superimposed character could be either homophonic to, or semantically related to, or orthographically similar to, or unrelated to the name of the picture. It was found that while homophonic characters and orthographically similar characters facilitated picture naming at both the two SOA conditions (0ms and 150ms), semantically related characters showed inhibitory effects on picture naming in both reaction time and error rate at the short SOA and only in error rate at the longer SOA. These findings were discussed in relation to the debates between modular and interactive theories of spoken word production.