A Structural Equation Model for the School Reinforcement Survey Schedule: Italian and American Early Adolescents |
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Authors: | George R. Holmes Aldo Galeazzi Emilio Franceschina George F. McNulty Angela Q. Forand Sandra R. Stader deRosset Myers Jr. Harry H. Wright |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Neuropsychiatry and, Behavioral Science University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina;(2) Psychiatric Institute, Columbia, South Carolina;(3) Dipartimento di Psicologia Generale, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy;(4) Istituto di Psicologia, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy;(5) Department of Mathematics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina |
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Abstract: | The School Reinforcement Survey Schedule (SRSS) was administered to 2,828 boys and girls in middle schools in the United States and an Italian translation was administered to 342 boys and girls in middle schools in Northern Italy. An exploratory factor analysis using half the American data set was performed using maximum likelihood estimation with a promax rotation. This analysis produced a structural equation model with six interpretable latent variables. This analysis was confirmed by results demonstrating a good fit with the other half of the American sample and separately with the Italian sample. Scores for the six latent variables were constructed and information about the distribution of scores was obtained. Multiple comparisons of the means were performed by gender, within each national sample, for each of the six latent variables. American and Italian girls report obtaining greater enjoyment from a wider variety of school activities compared to American and Italian boys. |
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Keywords: | adolescent school social reinforcement cross-cultural structural equation model gender differences |
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