Skills training in the long-term management of stress and occupational burnout |
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Authors: | M Michelle Rowe |
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Institution: | (1) Saint Joseph’s University, USA;(2) Interdisciplinary Health Services, Chair, Department of Health Services, Saint Joseph's University, 5600 City Avenue, 19131 Philadelphia, PA |
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Abstract: | The current managed healthcare environment stresses brief and effective short-term therapy. However, often this short-term
treatment does not lead to long-term behavioral changes and clients return to therapy many times for help with the same dysfunctional
behavioral patterns. The main problem with these traditional forms of treatment is the assumption that clients have the basic
skills to change their ineffective behaviors. Yet, many people lack the basic skills to manage our highly stressful society,
and may take years to master new behavioral management skills. Examining the relationship between stress and coping, this
study explored both short-and long-term approaches to behavioral change relative to occupational burnout, and focused upon
the teaching of skills to manage stress. Subjects who participated in a 6-week stressmanagement program reported only temporary
decreases in burnout, while those subjects who received 1-hour coping “refresher” sessions at 5 months, 11 months, and 17
months showed consistent decreases in burnout throughout a 2 1/2 year period. These results suggest that psychologists can
be much more effective behavioral change agents through long-term approaches that emphasize teaching new skills to manage
chronic behavioral problems. Given the changes in the health insurance industry and the way therapeutic services are provided,
the field may need to rethink approaches that are grounded in personality theory and abnormal psychology to approaches that
emphasize principles of learning theory. |
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