手指的感知、运动以及数量表征对数字认知的促进作用

手指是儿童在习得数字符号之前最常使用的表征数量的工具，大量研究都表明手指在数字认知中具有促进作用。但是，目前仍不清楚手指在数字认知中的作用机制。综述从手指感知、手指运动以及手指数量表征三个方面总结了手指在数字认知中所起的作用。手指感知可能通过影响儿童的数量表征能力间接地影响其它数学能力；与表征量有关的手指运动可能促进了数量大小的加工。关于手指数量表征在数字认知中的作用存在两种有争议的观点：一种认为手指数量表征促进了儿童由非符号数量表征向符号数量表征的转化；另一种认为手指数量表征可能是一种数量语义表征方式。未来应该在发展、作用机制、性别差异等方向继续开展研究，进一步探讨手指在数字认知中所起的作用。

Finger Gnosis,Movements and Numeral Representations Contribute to Numerical Cognition

Finger is the most frequently used tool for numeral representations before children grasp symbolic numbers. Considerable studies have revealed the important contribution of finger to numerical cognition. However, it is still unclear about the cognitive mechanism of how finger influences numerical cognition. The article reviews the role of fingers in numerical cognition based on three aspects: finger gnosis, finger movements and finger numeral representations. It is possible that finger gnosis facilitates the development of number representations which influences other mathematical abilities. Finger movement related to magnitude representation may help to process numerical magnitude. There are two controversial viewpoints about the roles of finger numeral representations in numerical cognition. One is that finger numeral representations promote the conversion from non-symbolic number representations to symbolic number representations. The other is that finger numeral representations may be one of semantic quantity representations. Future studies should be devoted to developmental studies, mechanism, and gender difference to investigate the functional role of finger in numerical cognition.