五四新文化运动与孔子观念的根本转折

五四新文化运动中的孔子观念需作系统的梳理与分析。五四新文化运动的健将们主要是基于对尊孔派的反感和伦理、文化上的彻底觉悟而发起了对孔子与孔家店集中而猛烈的批评与攻击。他们所批判的主要是孔子的偶像 ,而并不反对孔子本人 ,破除孔子偶像的束缚而使人们的思想从权威和偏见中彻底解放出来 ,这是新文化运动最重要的历史功绩 ;他们虽不反对孔子本人 ,但对孔子与孔子之道采取的是一种社会语境决定论的或历史化的诠释与读解的态度 ,故带来了孔子观念的根本转折。

The New Cultural May Fourth Movement and the Radical Turn of Confucius' Notions

During the New Cultural May Fourth Movement, Confucius' notions were sorted out and analyzed. The Movement's forerunners launched violent attacks against Confucius and Confucianism mainly because they cherished a repulsion against the Confucius-worshipers and they had undergone an awakening in culture and ethics. What the repudiated is only the cult of Confucius, not Confucius himself; is only to destroy its fetters and to emancipate people's mind from the authority and prejudices. And this is the very historical achievements of the Movement. They did not oppose Confucius himself, yet they adopted an attitude of socially contextual determinism or historicalized hermeneutics and interpretation towards Confucius and Confucius' doctrines.