Prosocial behavior in families: Moderators of resource sharing |
| |
Authors: | Gregory D Webster |
| |
Affiliation: | Department of Psychology, College of William & Mary, Williamburg, VA 23187-8795, USA Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, USA |
| |
Abstract: | Archival studies of within-family prosocial behavior (Judge & Hrdy, 1992; Smith, Kish, & Crawford, 1987) have shown that inheritance patterns support Hamilton’s (1964) theory of inclusive fitness, such that people will more of their estates to relatives of closer genetic relatedness. In a survey-based simulation of these studies, students allocated one of three lotteries to their blood relatives. As expected, participants allocated greater proportions of their lotteries to relatives of greater genetic relatedness. This effect became stronger with decreasing lottery amounts. Relatives of certain relatedness were favored over relatives of uncertain relatedness (via paternal uncertainty), and this effect was stronger among those with less money to allocate. Male participants tended to favor their young female relatives over their young male relatives when given the smallest lottery, but this sex preference reversed when male participants were given the largest lottery. In general, scarcer resources led to more evolutionarily conservative investment strategies. |
| |
Keywords: | Altruism Evolutionary psychology Genetic relatedness Inclusive fitness Kin investment Multilevel modeling Paternal uncertainty Prosocial behavior Resource allocation Trivers-Willard hypothesis |
本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录! |
|