幽门螺杆菌诊断方法评价

诊断幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染有侵入性和非侵入性两类方法。前者需通过胃镜取胃粘膜活检，包括快速尿素酶试验（RUT）、病理组织学检查、细菌培养及基因检测等；非侵入性方法包括尿素呼气试验（UBT）、血清Hp抗体测定及Hp粪便抗原检测等。各种检测方法的敏感性及特异性不一，适用范围也不同，选择合适的检测方法需结合Hp感染特点、检测条件及费用情况等。

Evaluation of Experimental Methods for Detecting Helicobacter Pylori Infection

There are two general ways in which a diagnosis of infection by Helicobacter pylori can be made： by using either an invasive or non-- invasive method. The invasive methods involve an endoscopy and biopsy examination. The invasive tests were performed by mucosa biopsy including rapid urease test（RUT）, histopathotogie examination, bacteria culture and gene detection etc. The non--invasive tests that can be used to diagnose the infection include detection of labeled metabolic products of urea hydrolysis in the breath （^13 CO2, ^14CO2 ）, serum Hp antibody detection, Hp antigen detection in a stool specimen etc. Owing to distinct sensitivity and specificity of each detection method, the choice of appropriate test depends on the pre--test probability of infection,the characteristics of the test being used and its cost--effectiveness etc.