Parallel neural systems for classical conditioning: Support from computational modeling |
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Authors: | M Todd Allen Catherine E Myers Mark A Gluck |
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Institution: | (1) Center for Molecular & Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, the State University of New Jersey, 197 University Ave., 07102 Newark, NJ |
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Abstract: | Classical conditioning has been explained by two main types of theories that postulate different learning mechanisms. Rescorla
and Wagner (1972) put forth a theory in which conditioning is based on the ability of the US to drive learning through error
correction. Alternatively, Mackintosh (1973) put forth a theory in which the ability of the CS to be associated with the unconditioned
stimulus is modulated. We have proposed a reconciliation of these two mechanisms as working in parallel within different neural
systems: a cerebellar system for US modulation and a hippocampal system for CS modulation. We developed a computational model
of cerebellar function in eyeblink conditioning based on the error correction mechanism of the Rescorla-Wagner rule in which
learningrelated activity from the cerebellum inhibits the inferior olive, which is the US input pathway to the cerebellum
(Gluck et al., 1994). We developed a computational model of the hippocampal region that forms altered representations of conditioned
stimuli based on their behavioral outcomes (Gluck & Myers, 1993; Myers et al., 1995). Overall, computational modeling and
empirical findings support the idea that, at least in the case of eyeblink conditioning, there may be two different neural
systems: the cerebellum which mediates US-based error correction and hippocampus which alters representations of CSs. |
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