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Wandering eyes: Eye movements during mind wandering in video lectures |
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| Authors: | Han Zhang Kevin F. Miller Xin Sun Kai S. Cortina |
| Affiliation: | 1. Combined Program in Education and Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan;2. Combined Program in Education and Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan School of Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan |
| Abstract: | Video lectures are increasingly prevalent, but they present challenges to learners. Students' minds often wander, yet we know little about how mind wandering affects attention during video lectures. This paper presents two studies that examined eye movement patterns of mind wandering during video lectures. In the studies, mind wandering reports were collected by either self-caught reports or thought probes. Results were similar across the studies: mind wandering was associated with an increased allocation of fixations to the instructor's image. For fixations on the slides, the average duration increased but the dispersion decreased. Moreover, preliminary evidence suggested that fixation duration and dispersion can diminish soon after self-caught reports of mind wandering. Overall, these findings help advance our understanding of how learners' attention is affected during mind wandering and may facilitate efforts in objectively identifying mind wandering. Future research is needed to determine if these findings can extend to other instructional formats. |
| Keywords: | attention eye tracking growth curve analysis mind wandering video lecture |