My body until proven otherwise: Exploring the time course of the full body illusion |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham DH1 2NQ, UK;2. Sensorimotor Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London SE14 6NW, UK;1. IDAC – Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, SARC – Smart-Aging Research Center, Kawashima Laboratory, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;2. SAMBA (SpAtial, Motor and Bodily Awareness) Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy;3. NIT (Neuroscience Institute of Turin), Turin, Italy;4. eCAMPUS University, Novedrate (CO), Italy;1. Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, piazza dell׳Ateneo Nuovo 1, 20126 Milano, Italy;2. Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Department of Informatics, University of Zurich, Switzerland;3. Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland;1. Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 9 Chemin des Mines, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland;2. Department of Neurology, University of Geneva, 24 rue Micheli-du-Crest, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;3. ICREA-University of Barcelona, Campus de Mundet, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;4. Department of Computer Science, University College London, Malet Place Engineering Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK;1. Center for Neuroprosthetics, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;2. Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;3. Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel;4. Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA;5. Consciousness Lab, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland;6. Centre d''Economie de la Sorbonne, CNRS UMR 8174, Paris, France;7. Philosophisches Seminar/Gutenberg Research College, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany;8. Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt, Germany;9. Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Geneva 1211, Switzerland |
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Abstract: | Evidence from the Full Body Illusion (FBI) has shown that adults can embody full bodies which are not their own when they move synchronously with their own body or are viewed from a first-person perspective. However, there is currently no consensus regarding the time course of the illusion. Here, for the first time, we examined the effect of visuomotor synchrony (synchronous/asynchronous/no movement) on the FBI over time. Surprisingly, we found evidence of embodiment over a virtual body after five seconds in all conditions. Embodiment decreased with increased exposure to asynchronous movement, but remained high in synchronous and no movement conditions. We suggest that embodiment of a body seen from a first-person perspective is felt by default, and that embodiment can then be lost in the face of contradictory cues. These results have significant implications for our understanding of how multisensory cues contribute to embodiment. |
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Keywords: | Full Body Illusion Embodiment Time course |
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