Crossover of job demands and emotional exhaustion within teams: a longitudinal multilevel study |
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| Authors: | Mina Westman Arnold B Bakker Ilan Roziner Sabine Sonnentag |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Management , Tel Aviv University , Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel Westman@post.tau.ac.il;3. Department of Work &4. Organizational Psychology , Erasmus University Rotterdam Institute of Psychology , Rotterdam, The Netherlands;5. Faculty of Management , Tel Aviv University , Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel;6. Department of Psychology , University of Mannheim , Mannheim, Germany |
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| Abstract: | This study investigated the crossover of job demands and emotional exhaustion among team members and the moderating effect of cohesiveness and social support on this process. Participants were 310 employees of an employment agency in the Netherlands, working in one of 100 teams. Multilevel analysis using a longitudinal design did not reveal a main effect of crossover. However, consistent with the study's hypotheses, the results showed a moderating effect of team cohesiveness and social support. We detected crossover of job demands and emotional exhaustion across time from the group to individual team members only in teams characterized by high levels of cohesiveness and social support. Teams characterized by low levels of cohesiveness and social support showed no crossover of job demands and exhaustion. The findings demonstrate that team-level moderators play an important role in crossover processes. Moreover, social support and cohesiveness may not always be positive. |
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| Keywords: | cohesiveness crossover emotional exhaustion job demands social support teams |
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